24-bit representation

When written, RGB values in 24 bpp, also known as Truecolor, are commonly specified using three integers between 0 and 255, each representing red, green, and blue intensities, in that order. For example:

(0, 0, 0) is black
(255, 255, 255) is white
(255, 0, 0) is red
(0, 255, 0) is green
(0, 0, 255) is blue
(255, 255, 0) is yellow
(0, 255, 255) is cyan
(255, 0, 255) is magenta
The above definition uses a convention known as full-range RGB. This convention is so often used that some people have come to view it as universal. This is a problem because most color science discusses color values in the range 0.0 to about 1.0, rather than 0 to 255. If in doubt, it is best to describe the units in which a color is specified.

Full-range RGB can only represent fifteen shades of a given hue. This tends to undermine the representation of shades of any solid color, especially pure gray; such gradients tend to be noticably quantized. This effect is most prevalent in photographic images with dark shadows or that depict outer space or nighttime scenes. For this reason, 16-bit-per-channel modes (see below) are sometimes favored for editing such images, especially when the images are destined for reproduction within a wider color space.

Typically, RGB for digital video is not full range. Instead, video RGB uses a convention with scaling and offsets such that (16, 16, 16) is black, (235, 235, 235) is white, etc. For example, these scalings and offsets are used for the digital RGB definition in CCIR 601.

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